In the past 10 years, several research teams have also reported promising results on the separation of purely organic mixtures that are very difficult to separate by common separation processes due to very poor liquid–vapour equilibrium curves. As shown by numerous examples, they can also be considered as so-called ‘clean technologies’, especially well suited for the treatment and recycling of volatile organic compounds and pollution prevention. Separation and the recovery of (high added value) dilute species from water or air. Amongst these processes, pervaporation (PV) and vapour permeation (VP) are very promising and in addition to their interesting energetic aspects, they are becoming key technologies for azeotropic ∗ Corresponding author. Introduction Liquid and vapour separation by thermal processes has always been highly energy intensive and new separation processes taking advantage of mass transfer through dense membranes have already shown they enable very significant energy savings as compared to more classic technologies (e.g. Keywords: Pervaporation Vapour permeation Industrial application Reviewġ. On the basis of information provided by the leading industrial companies in the field, the past trends and future prospects of PV and VP are eventually analysed to help draw new guidelines for the promotion of these technologies in the near future. It also discusses several examples for PV and VP industrial applications and points out many inherent advantages of these separation processes as compared to other more conventional approaches, in particular in terms of very significant savings in energy and raw materials. More than simply being an up-to-date state-of-the-art, the paper provides key data and information about patented applications and current suppliers for PV and VP membranes and membrane separation systems. ![]() Laboratoire de Chimie-Physique Macromoléculaire, CNRS UMR 7568, ENSIC, 1 rue Grandville, BP 451, 54 001 Nancy Cedex, France b Agence de l’Environnement et de la Maˆıtrise de l’Energie, ADEME Centre d’Angers, BP 406, 49 004 Angers Cedex 01, France Received 9 January 2001 received in revised form 20 March 2001 accepted 16 April 2001Ībstract This work reviews the current trends of industrial pervaporation (PV) and vapour permeation (VP) in Europe and the USA after the great changes that have been occurring since 1995. Industrial state-of-the-art of pervaporation and vapour permeation in the western countries Anne Jonquières a,∗, Robert Clément a, Pierre Lochon a, Jean Néel a, Marlène Dresch b, Bruno Chrétien b a
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